Ecosystem 1

• EnvSc
  • Lecture 3
    • Ecosystem 1
    • Ecosystem 2
    • Exam & Assignments
  • Lecture 4
    • Aerosol particles 1
    • Aerosol particles 2
  • Lecture 5
    • Aerosol particles 3
  • Lecture 6
    • Env. management 1
    • Env. management 2
  • Lecture 7
    • Nuclear Energy and Radioactivity 1
    • Nuclear Energy and Radiation 2
  • Lecture 8
    • Ecotoxicology
  • Lecture 10?
    • Energy
  • Lecture Last
    • Before exam
    • Before exam 2
    • Before exam 3

The Earth The earth: Sea and land, mostly sea Biosphere: Abiotic components and biotic components Biosystem: Ecosystem1, Ecosystem2, Ecosystem3, ... Ecosystem: Community1, Community2, ... Community: Species1, Species2, ...                Species <-> Population Population: Organism1, Organism2, ... Organism: Organ1, Organ2, ... Organ: Cell1, Cell2, ...                The cells are the "atoms" of an ecological system. Organisms: Procaryotic, Eucaryotic Procaryotic: Cells without nucleus Eucaryotic: Cells with nucleus Species Microbes: Bacteria Fungi Yeast Protozoa About 1.4 million species identified (mostly insects) 10-14 are estimated to exist

Life-supporting systems of the earth Atmosphere:                Stratosphere (topmost sphere)                Troposphere (near surface)                Hydrosphere (water)                Litosphere (rocks)                Biosphere (found across several of the other spheres) Terrestrial biosphere (land with life) In the eco-system there are: Producers (autotrophs) Consumers (heterotrophs) Producers use photosynthesis to make hydrocarbons Consumers: Carnovores Omnivores Herbivores p65: Producers, consumers and decomposers use chemical energy stored in glucose and other organics to fuel their life processes In most cells the energy is released by aerobic respiration Glucose + Oxygen -> CO2 + Water + Energy

Some concepts in this section: (WHAT SECTION?) Limiting factor Tolerance of organisms Range of tolerance: Environmental Physical Chemical Biodiversity Species diversity (number of species in different habitats) Ecological diversity Functional diversity Genetic diversity 4.4 Energy flow in ecosystems Food chain (of trophic levels): Consumer Consumer Consumer Producer Ecological efficiency: ~2-40%

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