Ecosystem 2

• EnvSc
  • Lecture 3
    • Ecosystem 1
    • Ecosystem 2
    • Exam & Assignments
  • Lecture 4
    • Aerosol particles 1
    • Aerosol particles 2
  • Lecture 5
    • Aerosol particles 3
  • Lecture 6
    • Env. management 1
    • Env. management 2
  • Lecture 7
    • Nuclear Energy and Radioactivity 1
    • Nuclear Energy and Radiation 2
  • Lecture 8
    • Ecotoxicology
  • Lecture 10?
    • Energy
  • Lecture Last
    • Before exam
    • Before exam 2
    • Before exam 3

4.5 Primary productivity GPP: gross primary productivity How much solar energy can go into the chemical product? We study this in hope to learn how to use and improve it NPP: net primary productivity NPP = GPP - R, R is the energy needed to sustain life 4.6 Soils Surface horizon 0 - usually brown or black horizon A - humus in here horizon B horizon C Important concepts: ̣» Infiltration (water transport) » Leaching (dissolved material transported) » Particle sizes of matter in the soils                » Soil texture » Soil porosity (how much air?) » Soil permeability (???)

4.7 Matter cycling » Hydrological cycle:                » evaporation (from water)                » transpiration (from plants)                » condensation (coulds)                » precipitation (rain)                » infiltration (into soil)                » percolation (deeper)                (aquifiers) » Carbon cycle                » aerobic respiration: O2 -> CO2 + H2O                » photosynthesis: H2O + CO2 -> O2 » Nitrogen cycle                » Nitrogen fixation                » Nitrification: NH3 (ammonia) >> NO3-                » >> NO2-                » >> Pland decompose: NH3 + NH4+                » >> denitrification: NO2- + NO3-                » >> N2 (We add nitrogen when fertilizing, which can cause disturbances in the system and cause problems)

5 Biodiversity Evolution, natural selection Lecture notes, leture 3

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