Aerosol particles 1

• EnvSc
  • Lecture 3
    • Ecosystem 1
    • Ecosystem 2
    • Exam & Assignments
  • Lecture 4
    • Aerosol particles 1
    • Aerosol particles 2
  • Lecture 5
    • Aerosol particles 3
  • Lecture 6
    • Env. management 1
    • Env. management 2
  • Lecture 7
    • Nuclear Energy and Radioactivity 1
    • Nuclear Energy and Radiation 2
  • Lecture 8
    • Ecotoxicology
  • Lecture 10?
    • Energy
  • Lecture Last
    • Before exam
    • Before exam 2
    • Before exam 3

Study the formation of aerosol particles in combustion Aerosol: They are in the air (They get into your lungs, which is bad) Today We cover several aspects of arosol particles » Description, characterization » Sources, emissions, concentrations » Health effects and other effects » Removal Next lecture More specific about the project work Description/Characterization Approximate definition of artosol particle: Particle in the air which is not a water droplet and has a diameter of 3nm to 100µm (heavier particles will fall to the ground) We usually only mean the particles up to 10 µm If water dominates the particle, it's a water droplet. No clear distinction between the two. Small particles generally grow very fast, within seconds or minutes. Individual particles charaterized by size, composition and shape. A volume of particles characterized by the total mass, size distribution and composition distribution.

Particle size Fine particles: Particles with a diameter less than 2.5 µm.                Ultra-fine Particles: diameter < 0.1µm. Coarse particles: diameter 2.5 - 10µm Particle mass PM10 is the mass of all particles in a volume of 1m³ with a diameter < 10µm PM2.5, PM1.0, PM0.1 -> Corresponds to above with other diameter limits Which are more important? Also difficult to measure the smaller particles. Particle composition Differs very much Sources, emissions, concentrations Sources: Natural sources: sea, wind erosion, volcanos, forest fires anthropoligic sources: Industrial processes, fossil fuel burning Also, one divides particles into: Primary particles: emitted from the "surface" into the atmosphere Secondary particles: Formed in the atmosphere from aerosol precursives as hydrocarbons etc.

Important for producing rain Most particles are concentrated around the source. After about one month after shutting down the source, all traces will be gone (usually). In 1815-1816 there were so many particles in the atmosphere because of a volcano eruption that the sunlight was dimmed! Emissions: Global emissions of primary particles Global emissions of secondary particles (See notes on home page for table of emissions.) fy.chalmers.se/~funbd/MV/MVMF-10.htm Composition of particles Depends on the sources Carbond and hydrocarbons: most unwanted Sulphur other One example of traffix/road emissions (non combustion emission) Sweden: Pavement wear: 110 000 tons/year Tires: 10 000 tons/year Rails: 1000 tons/year

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